Sara Hameed, usra sami, Sara Naeem Aslam, and Meerab Tahir. “A Comparative Study of the Energy Efficiency of Traditional Network Topology and Software-Defined Networking (SDN) Topology”. International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology, vol. 7, no. 3, July 2025, pp. 1341-52, https://journal.50sea.com/index.php/IJIST/article/view/1409.