Behaviour of Oriza Stiva Under Variable UV Radiations
Keywords:
Germination, Ozone, Oriza StivaAbstract
Solar UV radiation at the earth's surface grows as the ozone layer depletes, affecting economically vital plants. The effects of UV radiation on germination, growth, chlorophyll content, and fresh and dry weight of Oriza Stiva were investigated in this study. Oriza Stiva seeds were placed in plates and subjected to UV light for 30, 60, and 120 minutes each day. UV radiation lowered the percentage of seeds that germinated. Increased UV exposure significantly slowed seedling root and shoot growth. In comparison to the control, UV irradiation had a beneficial effect on chlorophyll contents, increasing total chlorophyll content. According to the findings, UV radiation reduced radicle and plumule lengths while increasing chlorophyll content in Oriza Stiva.
References
Y. Rouphael, M. C. Kyriacou, S. A. Petropoulos, S. De Pascale, and G. Colla, “Scientia Horticulturae Improving vegetable quality in controlled environments,” Sci. Hortic. (Amsterdam)., vol. 234, no. February, pp. 275–289, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2018.02.033.
J. Schmitt and R. D. Wulff, “Light spectral quality, phytochrome and plant competition,” Trends Ecol. Evol., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 47–51, Feb. 1993, doi: 10.1016/0169-5347(93)90157-K.
P. Taylor, “Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences UV-B-Induced Secondary Plant Metabolites - Potential Benefits for Plant and Human Health UV-B-Induced Secondary Plant Metabolites - Potential Benefits for Plant and Human Health,” no. February 2013, pp. 37–41, 2012, doi: 10.1080/07352689.2012.664979.
A. A. HaniaArif, Mamoona Midhat Kazmi , Anam Munwar, “Improving Rice Yield Through Insufficient Water,” Int. J. Agric. Sustain. Dev., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 40–45, 2021.
S. K. Maliakal, K. McDonnell, S. A. Dudley, and J. Schmitt, “Effects of Red to Far‐Red Ratio and Plant Density on Biomass Allocation and Gas Exchange in Impatiens capensis,” https://doi.org/10.1086/314157, vol. 160, no. 4, pp. 723–733, Jul. 2015, doi: 10.1086/314157.
A. Khaleghi, R. Naderi, C. Brunetti, and B. E. Maserti, “Morphological , physiochemical and antioxidant responses of Maclura pomifera to drought stress,” Sci. Rep., pp. 1–12, 2019, doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55889-y.
K. R. Reddy, V. G. Kakani, D. Zhao, S. Koti, and W. Gao, “Interactive Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation and Temperature on Cotton Physiology, Growth, Development and Hyperspectral Reflectance¶,” https://doi.org/10.1562/2003-11-19-RA.1, vol. 79, no. 5, pp. 416–427, May 2004, doi: 10.1562/2003-11-19-RA.1.
C. Jiao, R. Yang, Y. Zhou, and Z. Gu, “Nitric oxide mediates isoflavone accumulation and the antioxidant system enhancement in soybean sprouts,” FOOD Chem., 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.147.
W. N. Hartley, “On the absorption of solar rays by atmospheric ozone,” J. Chem. Soc. Trans., vol. 39, no. 0, pp. 111–128, Jan. 1881, doi: 10.1039/CT8813900111.
M. Tevini and A. H. Teramura, “UV-B EFFECTS ON TERRESTRIAL PLANTS,” Photochem. Photobiol., vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 479–487, Oct. 1989, doi: 10.1111/J.1751-1097.1989.TB05552.X.
S. D. Flint and M. M. Caldwell, “A biological spectral weighting function for ozone depletion research with higher plants,” Physiol. Plant., vol. 117, no. 1, pp. 137–144, Jan. 2003, doi: 10.1034/J.1399-3054.2003.1170117.X.
S. U. Zaman, K. Ali, W. Khan, M. Ali, T. Jan, and M. Nisar, “Ethno-botanical and geo-referenced profiling of medicinal plants of Nawagai Valley, District Buner (Pakistan),” Biosyst. Divers., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 56–61, 2018, doi: 10.15421/011809.
P. W. Barnes, S. Maggard, S. R. Holman, and B. S. Vergara, “Intraspecific Variation in Sensitivity to UV-B Radiation in Rice,” Crop Sci., vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 1041–1046, Sep. 1993, doi: 10.2135/CROPSCI1993.0011183X003300050033X.
E. Goto, K. Hayashi, S. Furuyama, S. Hikosaka, and Y. Ishigami, “Effect of UV light on phytochemical accumulation and expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in red leaf lettuce,” pp. 179–186, 2016, doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1134.24.
C. Inostroza-blancheteau, P. Acevedo, R. Loyola, P. Arce-johnson, M. Alberdi, and M. Reyes-díaz, “Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Short-term UV-B radiation affects photosynthetic performance and antioxidant gene expression in highbush blueberry leaves,” Plant Physiol. Biochem., vol. 107, pp. 301–309, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.019.
L. E.-A. A. Nasser, “Effects of UV-B radiation on some physiological and biochemical aspects in two cultivars of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.),” Egypt. J. Biol., vol. 3, no. 1, Jul. 2004, doi: 10.4314/ejb.v3i1.29924.
A. Fukushima and K. Saito, “Influence of UV-light on carthamin accumulation and floret elongation in a cultivar of saffron thistle (Carthamus tinctorius L.),” Acta Physiol. Plant. 2000 222, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 159–162, 2000, doi: 10.1007/S11738-000-0071-9.
F. Hollósy, “Effects of ultraviolet radiation on plant cells,” Micron, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 179–197, Jan. 2002, doi: 10.1016/S0968-4328(01)00011-7.
T. M. Asad waseem, Aamer Amin, Jamal Hassan, “Impact Assessment of Forest Managment on Inhabitants,” Int. J. Agric. Sustain. Dev., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 31–39, 2021.
H. Dou and G. Niu, “Pre-Harvest UV-B Radiation and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density Interactively A ff ect Plant Photosynthesis , Growth , and Secondary Metabolites Accumulation in Basil ( Ocimum basilicum ) Plants,” 2019.
C. A. Kolb, M. A. Käser, J. Kopecký, G. Zotz, M. Riederer, and E. E. Pfündel, “Effects of Natural Intensities of Visible and Ultraviolet Radiation on Epidermal Ultraviolet Screening and Photosynthesis in Grape Leaves,” Plant Physiol., vol. 127, no. 3, pp. 863–875, Nov. 2001, doi: 10.1104/PP.010373.
Z. Guadalupe and M. P. Diago, “Phenolic composition of Tempranillo wines following early defoliation of the vines and Javier Tardaguila,” no. August 2011, pp. 925–934, 2012, doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4671.
A. H. Teramura, “Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on the growth and yield of crop plants,” Physiol. Plant., vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 415–427, Jul. 1983, doi: 10.1111/J.1399-3054.1983.TB04203.X.
W. Khan, M. Hussain, K. Ali, M. Ali, and M. Nisar, “Distribution and phenotypic variation in Juglans regia L. growing in Hindu Kush ranges of Pakistan,” Acta Ecol. Sin., vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 363–372, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1016/J.CHNAES.2020.02.009.
B. Hieng, K. Ugrinović, J. Šuštar-Vozlič, and M. Kidrič, “Different classes of proteases are involved in the response to drought of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivars differing in sensitivity,” J. Plant Physiol., vol. 161, no. 5, pp. 519–530, Jan. 2004, doi: 10.1078/0176-1617-00956.
C. Pastore, S. Zenoni, M. Fasoli, M. Pezzotti, G. B. Tornielli, and I. Filippetti, “Selective defoliation affects plant growth , fruit transcriptional ripening program and flavonoid metabolism in grapevine,” 2013.
G. Horneck, U. Eschweiler, G. Reitz, J. Wehner, R. Willimek, and K. Strauch, “Biological responses to space: Results of the experiment ‘Exobiological Unit’ of ERA on EURECA I,” Adv. Sp. Res., vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 105–118, Jan. 1995, doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00279-N.
P. N. Joshi et al., “Partial protection of photosynthetic apparatus from UV-B-induced damage by UV-A radiation,” Environ. Exp. Bot., vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 166–172, Mar. 2007, doi: 10.1016/J.ENVEXPBOT.2005.11.005.
T. A. Day and T. C. Vogelmann, “Alterations in photosynthesis and pigment distributions in pea leaves following UV-B exposure,” Physiol. Plant., vol. 94, no. 3, pp. 433–440, Jul. 1995, doi: 10.1111/J.1399-3054.1995.TB00950.X.
U. C. Shukla, P. C. Joshi, and P. Kakkar, “Synergistic Action of Ultraviolet-B Radiation and Cadmium on the Growth of Wheat Seedlings,” Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 90–96, Feb. 2002, doi: 10.1006/EESA.2001.2136.
J. Jiao, Q. Gai, W. Wang, M. Luo, C. Gu, and Y. Fu, “Ultraviolet Radiation-Elicited Enhancement of Iso fl avonoid,” 2015, doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03138.
I. U. U. Radiation, “Impact of Increasing Ultraviolet-B ( UV-B ) Radiation on Photosynthetic Processes,” J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol., 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.02.004.
S. W. Mpoloka, “Effects of prolonged UV-B exposure in plants,” African J. Biotechnol., vol. 7, no. 25, pp. 4874–4883, 2008.
N. H. Furness, M. K. Upadhyaya, and D. P. Ormrod, “Seedling growth and leaf surface morphological responses of three rangeland weeds to ultraviolet-B radiation,” Weed Sci., vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 427–434, 1999, doi: 10.1017/S0043174500092031.
A. A. Saira Batool , Maryam M. Ali , Zainab Tahir, “Investigation of Characteristics of Hydrological Droughts in Indus Basin,” Int. J. Agric. Sustain. Dev., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 46–53, 2021.
K. Mahdavian, M. Ghorbanli, and K. M. Kalantari, “The effects of ultraviolet radiation on some antioxidant compounds and enzymes in Capsicum annuum L,” Turk. J. Botany, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 129–134, 2008.
H. Frohnmeyer and D. Staiger, “Update on Ultraviolet-B Light Responses Ultraviolet-B Radiation-Mediated Responses in Plants . Balancing Damage and Protection 1,” vol. 133, no. December, pp. 1420–1428, 2003, doi: 10.1104/pp.103.030049.deeper.
A. A. Bushra Noreen, Namra Ghaffar, Maryam Muhammad Ali, “Rice Yeild Estimation in Sawat Region Incorporating The Local Physio-Climatic Parameters,” Int. J. Agric. Sustain. Dev., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 54–59, 2021.
S. S. Shaukat, M. A. Farooq, M. F. Siddiqui, and S. Zaidi, “Effect of enhanced UV-B radiation on germination, seedling growth and biochemical responses of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper,” Pakistan J. Bot., vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 779–785, 2013.
M. Saile-Mark and M. Tevini, “Effects of solar UV-B radiation on growth, flowering and yield of central and southern European bush bean cultivars ( L.),” UV-B Biosph., pp. 114–125, 1997, doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-5718-6_11.
S. E. Sultan, “Phenotypic plasticity for plant development, function and life history,” Trends Plant Sci., vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 537–542, Dec. 2000, doi: 10.1016/S1360-1385(00)01797-0.
A. Pliura, A. Baliuckiene, and V. Baliuckas, “Phenogenetic response of silver birch populations and half-sib families to elevated ozone and ultraviolet-B radiation at juvenile age,” Environ. Pollut., vol. 156, no. 1, pp. 152–161, Nov. 2008, doi: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2007.12.023.
K. Ali et al., “The ethnobotanical domain of the Swat Valley, Pakistan,” J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1–15, Jun. 2018, doi: 10.1186/S13002-018-0237-4/TABLES/6.
F. Kuhlmann and C. Müller, “Development-dependent effects of UV radiation exposure on broccoli plants and interactions with herbivorous insects,” Environ. Exp. Bot., vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 61–68, Apr. 2009, doi: 10.1016/J.ENVEXPBOT.2009.01.001.
B. Peykarestan, M. Seify, M. S. Fadaei, and M. Hatim, “UV irradiation effects on seed germination and growth, protein content, peroxidase and protease activity in Portulaca grandiflora and Portulaca oleracea,” World Appl. Sci. J., vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 802–808, 2012.
M. Kozłowska, E. Brzezińska, and M. Stobiecki, “Sensitivity differences and accumulation of screening compounds in three conifer plants under enhanced UV-B radiation,” Polish J. Environ. Stud., vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 823–830, 2007.
K. Ravindran, A. Indrajith, V. Balakrishnan, K. Venkatesan, and G. Kulandaivelu, “Determination of defense mechanism in Phaseolustrilobus Ait.: Seedlings treated under UV-B radiation,” African Crop Sci. J., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 111–118, 2010, doi: 10.4314/acsj.v16i2.54351.
D. C. Close and C. McArthur, “Rethinking the role of many plant phenolics – protection from photodamage not herbivores?,” Oikos, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 166–172, Oct. 2002, doi: 10.1034/J.1600-0706.2002.990117.X.
I. N. De Abreu and P. Mazzafera, “Effect of water and temperature stress on the content of active constituents of Hypericum brasiliense Choisy,” Plant Physiol. Biochem., vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 241–248, Mar. 2005, doi: 10.1016/J.PLAPHY.2005.01.020.
N. A. Olenichenko and N. V. Zagoskina, “Response of Winter Wheat to Cold: Production of Phenolic Compounds and L-Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase Activity,” Appl. Biochem. Microbiol. 2005 416, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 600–603, Nov. 2005, doi: 10.1007/S10438-005-0109-2.
G. Ganeva and E. Zozikova, “Effect of increasing Cu Concentration on Growth and Content of Free Phenols in Two Lines of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) With Difference Tolerance.,” Gen. Appl. Plant Physiol., vol. 33, no. May, pp. 75–82, 2007.
S. S. Shaukat, S. Zaidi, and M. A. Khan, “Effect of Supplemental Uv-B Radiation on Germination , Seedling Growth , and Biochemical Responses of Sunflower ( Helianthus Annuus L .),” FUUAST J. Biol., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 27–33, 2011.
E. Horváth, G. Szalai, and T. Janda, “Induction of Abiotic Stress Tolerance by Salicylic Acid Signaling,” J. Plant Growth Regul. 2007 263, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 290–300, Aug. 2007, doi: 10.1007/S00344-007-9017-4.
N. Kondo and M. Kawashima, “Enhancement of the Tolerance to Oxidative Stress in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Seedlings by UV-B Irradiation: Possible Involvement of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidative Enzymes,” J. Plant Res. 2000 1133, vol. 113, no. 3, pp. 311–317, 2000, doi: 10.1007/PL00013863.
