Seismic Data Analysis and Earthquake Prediction with IoT Sensors and SmartGRU Model

Kishwar Rasool; Mureed Hussain; Umair Rasool; Jaweria Rasool; Muskan Maryam

Authors

Kishwar Rasool Department of Computer Science and IT, Ghazi University, DG Khan. Pakistan
Mureed Hussain Department of Soil and Enviromental Sciences, Ghazi University, DG Khan. Pakistan
Umair Rasool Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change and Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, CMCC@Ca’Foscari – Porta dell’Innovazione, 2nd floor – Via della Liberta, 12- 30175 Venice, Italy
Jaweria Rasool Department of Computer Science and IT, Ghazi University, DG Khan. Pakistan
Muskan Maryam Department of Computer Science and IT, Ghazi University, DG Khan. Pakistan

Keywords:

Earthquake prediction, Seismic Data Fusion, Internet of Things (IoT), Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit

Abstract

Tectonic plate movement causes a slow accumulation of stress in the Earth’s lithosphere, especially around plate borders, leading to earthquakes. An earthquake occurs when this stress overcomes friction along a fault or exceeds the strength of the surrounding rock. Accurate earthquake prediction remains challenging due to the complexity of seismic data and the limitations of traditional methods. This creates a pressing need for models capable of real-time analysis and high prediction accuracy. The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a novel method for detecting earthquakes using a variety of sensors to collect vital seismic data, such as latitude, longitude, depth, magnitude, and time. IoT controllers and centralized systems process and analyze this data to enable efficient monitoring and forecasting. Furthermore, with the help of a machine learning model named Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU), which integrates sophisticated data fusion and advanced machine learning techniques. Our proposed study model, SmartGRU, demonstrates how to improve earthquake prediction systems by combining IoT sensors with a Bi-GRU machine learning model that incorporates an emerging approach.

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