Design and Implementation of a Smart Human Interrupt System Using Long-Range RFID

Mudassir Khalil; Imran Khurshid; Hassan Moatasam Awan; Muzahir Saleem

doi:10.33411/IJIST/1872

Authors

Mudassir Khalil BZU Multan
Imran Khurshid Bahauddin Zakaria University, Multan. National University of Modern Languages
Hassan Moatasam Awan School of Systems and Technology (UMT Lahore
Muzahir Saleem School of Systems and Technology (UMT Lahore

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33411/IJIST/1872

Keywords:

RFID Tag, RFID Reader, LoRa Transceiver, Signal Strength (RSSI), SNR, Low-Power Communication

Abstract

Communication is a critical component of modern life, supporting essential sectors such as business, healthcare, education, and disaster response. However, in rural and remote environments, traditional GSM and Internet-based communication systems often become unreliable due to power outages, network congestion, and physical infrastructure damage. To address these limitations, this study proposes an independent, infrastructure-free communication system integrating RFID and LoRa technologies. The system utilizes an MFRC522 RFID reader for tag identification and an SX1278 LoRa transceiver for long-range data transmission without reliance on Internet or GSM connectivity. Experimental evaluation was conducted in both indoor and outdoor environments to assess system performance under varying conditions. Indoor results across four floor levels show RSSI values ranging from −99 dBm to −81.4 dBm and SNR values from −6.8 dB to 9.6 dB, indicating varying signal quality depending on floor height and obstruction levels. Outdoor testing demonstrated reliable communication up to 500 meters in open-field conditions, with RSSI values between −65 dBm and −85 dBm and SNR ranging from +5.0 dB to −2.5 dB, achieving a packet delivery success rate of 100% under the tested conditions. In more obstructed environments (tree line), signal degradation was observed (RSSI: −92 dBm, SNR: −5.8 dB), resulting in occasional packet drops. Across multiple trials (n = 50), the average RFID read time was measured at 1.2 ± 0.15 seconds, while the average LoRa transmission delay remained below 500 milliseconds (420 ± 60 ms). The total system power consumption was approximately 0.6 ± 0.05 Watts, enabling efficient operation using battery or solar power systems. These results confirm that the proposed RFID–LoRa system is a reliable, energy-efficient, and scalable solution for offline communication in infrastructure-limited and disaster-prone environments, with performance influenced by environmental conditions and physical obstructions.

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