Investigate the Operating Temperature Effect on Fast Pyrolysis Products of Food Waste with Hydrogen

Saher Asif; Syed Kamal Zafar; Muhammad Tahseen Sadiq; Muhammad Hassan Qasim; Mahmboob Ahmad; Nouman Amjad; Mian Muhammad Mugheera

Authors

Saher Asif Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
Syed Kamal Zafar Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
Muhammad Tahseen Sadiq Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
Muhammad Hassan Qasim Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
Mahmboob Ahmad Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
Nouman Amjad Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
Mian Muhammad Mugheera Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Pakistan

Keywords:

Food waste, Fast pyrolysis, Hydrogen, Gaseous Products, yield %

Abstract

Energy crises and environmental pollution are the main issues of concern all over the world and the disposal of wastes by converting into gaseous products can reduce this to a level. Investigating how operating temperature affects the yield and makeup of bio-oil, bio-char, and bio-gas during the pyrolysis process in the presence of hydrogen is the goal of this study. By offering a novel method for enhancing the quality and yield of gaseous products through controlled thermal decomposition in a hydrogen-enriched environment, the findings improve sustainable technologies. In this research, the fast pyrolysis of food waste carried out by using a lab scale fixed bed reactor in the presence of different composition of Nitrogen and Hydrogen to investigate the effect of operating parameters high pyrolysis temperature 600, 650, 700, 750 and 800 °C and hydrogen gas 0 %, 10 % and 20 % with Nitrogen as a carrier gas. The gaseous products maximum yield i.e. 45.68 comes out at 750 °C temperature in the presence of 10 % hydrogen. The results indicate that increasing the pyrolysis temperature boosts decomposition reactions, encouraging the formation of gaseous products. Hydrogen plays a crucial role by facilitating cracking and stabilizing the reaction intermediates, minimizing the formation of heavier components. The results demonstrate that the fast pyrolysis of food waste give residue at high temperature and in the presence of hydrogen up to 10 % achieved a maximum the bio gas yield. Energy crises and environmental pollution are major global concerns. Converting waste into gaseous products can help address these issues. This study examines how operating temperature influences the yield and composition of bio-oil, bio-char, and bio-gas during pyrolysis in a hydrogen-rich environment. By introducing a novel approach to enhance the quality and yield of gaseous products through controlled thermal decomposition, the findings contribute to sustainable technologies. The research involves fast pyrolysis of food waste using a lab-scale fixed-bed reactor, with varying nitrogen and hydrogen compositions. The effects of different operating parameters were analyzed, including high pyrolysis temperatures (600, 650, 700, 750, and 800 °C) and hydrogen concentrations (0%, 10%, and 20%), with nitrogen as the carrier gas.

The highest gas yield (45.68%) was achieved at 750 °C in the presence of 10% hydrogen. The results show that increasing pyrolysis temperature enhances decomposition reactions, leading to higher gas production. Hydrogen plays a key role by promoting cracking reactions and stabilizing reaction intermediates, reducing the formation of heavier byproducts. The study demonstrates that fast pyrolysis of food waste at high temperatures, with up to 10% hydrogen, results in the highest bio-gas yield.

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