Dynamic of Land Use Land Cover and its Impact on Land Surface Temperature (LST) Using GIS: A Study of District Mardan, Pakistan

Zain Sultan; Muhammad Awais Khan; Zahid Khan; Muhammad Sudais; Nigar Khan; Aizaz Uullah; Muddasir Ali

Authors

Zain Sultan Department of Geography & Geomatics (GIS/RS), University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Muhammad Awais Khan Department of Geography & Geomatics (GIS/RS), University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Zahid Khan Department of Geography & Geomatics (GIS/RS), University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Muhammad Sudais Department of Geography & Geomatics (GIS/RS), University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Nigar Khan Department of Geography & Geomatics (GIS/RS), University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Aizaz Uullah Department of Geography & Geomatics (GIS/RS), University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Muddasir Ali Department of Geography & Geomatics (GIS/RS), University of Peshawar, Pakistan

Keywords:

LULC, GIS, Land Surface Temperature, Urban Expansion

Abstract

Rapid population growth is a global issue that alters landscapes and affects environmental conditions. This study aims to assess the effects of urbanization on Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes and their impact on Land Surface Temperature (LST) in District Mardan from 2002 to 2022. By combining remote sensing data on LULC changes with LST measurements, researchers can analyze the relationship between these variables. This analysis sheds light on how LULC changes affect local climate patterns, urban heat island effects, and the overall thermal environment. Data preprocessing was done using ArcGIS 10.8 software. After preprocessing, a supervised classification scheme was applied for 2002 and 2022, using the maximum likelihood algorithm to identify LULC changes. In 2002, the built-up area covered 165.47 km², which increased to 266.70 km² by 2022. Vegetation covers gradually declined over the same period, with a notable shift from vegetation to built-up areas. The study revealed significant changes in District Mardan, including population growth, urban expansion, and infrastructure development. These changes were influenced by various factors, including land cover types. The results of this study can be useful for regional and urban planning, as well as for managing agricultural practices in the future.

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